Vaping Ingredients List

Vaping Ingredients List

June 13, 2023June 19, 2023

Ingredient Comments
acetoin	used in foods to create buttery or creamy flavour associated with irreversible lung damage (NICNAS 2019) can be a source of diacetyl in nicotine vaping products (Vas et al. 2019)
benzaldehyde	used in foods and drinks to create cherry and almond flavours classified by the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals as ‘Harmful in inhaled’ – Cat. 4 (H332) (ECHA Infocard) reported to possibly cause respiratory failure, depression of the central nervous system and convulsions at high concentrations (IMAP Report – Benzaldehyde)
cinnamaldehyde	used in foods to create a cinnamon flavour capable of cytotoxicity, impaired immune cell function and sensitisation (IMAP Report – Cinnameldehyde; Muthumalage et al. 2018)
diacetyl	used in foods to create buttery or creamy flavour linked to irreversible lung damage known as bronchiolitis obliterans, or ‘popcorn lung’ (NICNAS 2019; Allen et al. 2016; Clapp & Jaspers 2017, NIOSH 2016) prohibited ingredient in consumer nicotine vaping products in Canada and the UK
diethylene glycol	central nervous system, renal and cardiac toxicity have been demonstrated following exposure to diethylene glycol (Fowles et al. 2017; SCCP 2008), inhalation-specific toxicity data is limited cannot be used as a diluent in consumer nicotine vaping products in Canada and the UK
ethylene glycol	respiratory irritation observed in humans and exposure linked to renal toxicity (Fowles et al. 2017; ATSDR 2010), presence in vaping products associated with toxicological hazards (Hutzler et al. 2014) cannot be used as a diluent in consumer nicotine vaping products in Canada and the UK


entane-2,3-dione (2,3-pentanedione or acetylpropionyl)	used in foods to create buttery or creamy flavour structurally related replacement for diacetyl (Allen et al. 2016) and associated with respiratory impairment (decreased lung function), fibrosis of the intrapulmonary airways in rats (similar to bronchiolitis obliterans in humans) (NIOSH 2016) prohibited ingredient in consumer nicotine vaping products in Canada and the UK
vitamin E acetate (dl-alpha- tocopheryl acetate)	• associated with outbreak of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use- associated lung injury (EVALI) which resulted in over 2,000 hospitalisations or deaths (Blount et al. 2020; Boudi et al. 2019).

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Potential Comments contaminant

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acrolein (also known as acraldehyde)	• severe respiratory irritation (FDA 2012; SCHEER 2021)
formaldehyde	• respiratory irritation, respiratory tract carcinogenicity in rats following long term exposure. In humans, changes in lung function have been reported (FDA 2012; SCHEER 2021)

acetaldehyde (also known as ethanal) • respiratory irritation, respiratory tract carcinogenicity in rats known as ethanal) following long term exposure (FDA 2012; SCHEER 2021)

Nicotine vaping products and vaping devices – TGO 110 and related matters Page 20 of 28 V1.2 July 2021. https://www.tga.gov.au/sites/default/files/nicotine-vaping-products-and-vaping-devices_0.pdf

Therapeutic Goods Administration

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There are substances in e-cigarette vapor that are not found in tobacco smoke. Researchers are part of the conflict, with some opposing and others supporting of e-cigarette use.The public health community is divided, even polarized, over how the use of these devices will impact the tobacco epidemic.Proponents of e-cigarettes think that these devices contain merely “water vapour” in the e-cigarette aerosols, but this view is refuted by the evidence.

List of hazardous tobacco smoke components with their cancer and non-cancer inhalation risk values.^[30]
Smoke component	Cancer risk (mg m⁻³)^{[nb 1]}	Institute	Non-cancer risk (mg m⁻³)^{[nb 2]}	Endpoint	Institute
1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT)	0.0001	U.S. EPA
1,1-Dimethylhydrazine	2E-06	ORNL
1,3-Butadiene	0.0003	U.S. EPA	0.002	reproduction	U.S. EPA
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin(TCDD)	0.00026	Cal EPA
2-Amino-3-methyl-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (MeAaC)	2.9E-05	Cal EPA
2-Amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-b]quinoline (IQ)	2.5E-05	Cal EPA
2-Amino-6-methyl[1,2-a:3′,2″-d]imidazole (GLu-P-1)	7.1E-06	Cal EPA
2-Aminodipyrido[1,2-a:3′,2″-d]imidazole (GLu-P-2)	2.5E-05	Cal EPA
2-Aminonaphthalene	2E-05	Cal EPA
2-Nitropropane		Cal EPA	0.02	liver, focal vacuolization and nodules	U.S. EPA
2-Toluidine	0.0002	Cal EPA
3-Amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido [4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1)	1.4E-06	Cal EPA
3-Amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]-indole (Trp-P-2)	1.1E-05	Cal EPA
4-Aminobiphenyl	1.7E-06	Cal EPA
5-Methylchrysene	9.1E-06	Cal EPA
7H-Dibenzo(c,g)carbazole	9.1E-06	Cal EPA
2-Amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (AaC)	8.8E-05	Cal EPA
Acetaldehyde	0.0045	U.S. EPA	0.009	nasal olfactory epithelial lesions	U.S. EPA
Acetamide	0.0005	Cal EPA
Acetone			30	neurological effects	ATSDR
Acetonitrile			0.06	mortality	U.S. EPA
Acrolein			2E-05	nasal lesions	U.S. EPA
Acrylamide	0.008
Acrylic acid			0.001	nasal olfactory epithelium degeneration	U.S. EPA
Acrylonitrile	0.00015	U.S. EPA	0.002	respiratory effects	U.S. EPA
Ammonia			0.1	respiratory effects	U.S. EPA
Aniline	B2—probable human carcinogen	U.S. EPA	0.001	immune-related	U.S. EPA
Arsenic	2.3E-06	U.S. EPA
Benz[a]anthracene	9.1E-05	Cal EPA
Benzene	0.0013	U.S. EPA	0.0098	decreased lymphocyte count	ATSDR
Benzo[a]pyrene	9.1E-06	Cal EPA
Benzo[j]fluoranthene	9.1E-05	Cal EPA
Beryllium	4.2E-06
Cadmium	5.6E-06	U.S. EPA
Carbazole	0.0018	NATA
Carbon disulfide			0.1	effects on CNS	HC
Carbon monoxide			10	cardiotoxic	Cal EPA
Chloroform	0.00043	U.S. EPA	0.1	liver changes	ATSDR
Chromium VI	8.3E-07	U.S. EPA	0.0001	lower respiratory effects	U.S. EPA
Chrysene	0.00091	Cal EPA
Cobalt			0.0005	respiratory functions	RIVM
Copper			0.001	lung and immune system effects	RIVM
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate	0.0042	Cal EPA
Dibenzo[a,i]pyrene	9.1E-07	Cal EPA
Dibenzo[a,h]acridine	9.1E-05	Cal EPA
Dibenzo[a,h]anthracene	8.3E-06	Cal EPA
Dibenzo[a,j]acridine	9.1E-05	Cal EPA
Dibenzo[a,h]pyrene	9.1E-07	Cal EPA
Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene	9.1E-07	Cal EPA
Dibenzo[a,e]pyrene	9.1E-06	Cal EPA
Dibenzo[c,g]carbazole	9.1E-06	Cal EPA
Dimethylformamide			0.03	digestive disturbances; minimal hepatic changes	U.S. EPA
Ethyl carbamate	3.5E-05	Cal EPA
Ethylbenzene			0.77	liver and kidney effects	RIVM
Ethylene oxide	0.00011	Cal EPA
Ethylenethiourea	0.00077	Cal EPA
Formaldehyde	0.00077	U.S. EPA	0.01	nasal irritation	ATSDR
Hexane			0.7	neurotoxicity	U.S. EPA
Hydrazine	2E-06	U.S. EPA	0.005	fatty liver changes	ATSDR
Hydrogen cyanide			0.003	CNS and thyroid effects	U.S. EPA
Hydrogen sulfide			0.002	nasal lesions	U.S. EPA
Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene	9.1E-05	Cal EPA
Isopropylbenzene			0.4	increased kidney, adrenal gland weights	U.S. EPA
Lead	0.00083	Cal EPA	0.0015	not applicable	U.S. EPA
Manganese			5E-05	neurobehavioral	U.S. EPA
m-Cresol			0.17	CNS	RIVM
Mercury			0.0002	nervous system	U.S. EPA
Methyl chloride			0.09	cerebellar lesions	U.S. EPA
Methyl ethyl ketone			5	developmental toxicity	U.S. EPA
Naphthalene			0.003	nasal effects	U.S. EPA
N-nitrosodi-n-butylamine (NBUA)	6.3E-06	U.S. EPA
N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA)	7.1E-07	U.S. EPA
Nickel			9E-05	chronic active inflammation and lung fibrosis	ATSDR
Nitrogen dioxide			0.1	not applicable	U.S. EPA
N-nitrosodiethanolamine	1.3E-05	Cal EPA
N-nitrosodiethylamine	2.3E-07	U.S. EPA
N-nitrosoethylmethylamine	1.6E-06	Cal EPA
N-Nitrosonornicotine (NNN)	2.5E-05	Cal EPA
N-Nitroso-N-propylamine	5E-06	Cal EPA
N-nitrosopiperidine	3.7E-06	Cal EPA
N-nitrosopyrrolidine	1.6E-05	U.S. EPA
n-Propylbenzene			0.4	increased organ weight	U.S. EPA
o-Cresol	C- possible human carcinogen	U.S. EPA	0.17	decreased body weight, neurotoxicity	RIVM
p–, m-Xylene			0.1	respiratory, neurological, developmental	U.S. EPA
p-Benzoquinone	C- possible human carcinogen	U.S. EPA	0.17	CNS	RIVM
p-Cresol	C- possible human carcinogen	U.S. EPA	0.17	CNS	RIVM
Phenol			0.02	liver enzymes, lungs, kidneys, and cardiovascular system	RIVM
Polonium-210	925.9	ORNL^{[nb 3]}
Propionaldehyde			0.008	atrophy of olfactory epithelium	U.S. EPA
Propylene oxide	0.0027	U.S. EPA
Pyridine			0.12	odour threshold	RIVM
Selenium			0.0008	respiratory effects	Cal EPA
Styrene			0.092	body weight changes and neurotoxic effects	HC
Toluene			0.3	colour vision impairment	ATSDR
Trichloroethylene	82	HC	0.2	liver, kidney, CNS effects	RIVM
Triethylamine			0.007	n.a.	U.S. EPA
Vinyl acetate			0.2	nasal lesions	U.S. EPA
Vinyl chloride	0.0011	U.S. EPA

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